High blood pressure or hypertension is the amount of power that blood is applied to the walls of the arteries when it flows along them.If a person has high blood pressure, then the walls of the arteries are too high.
Increased blood pressure is a fairly common disease, and especially in 40 -year -old women.
This ailment manifests very slowly.At first, a person has weakness, bad sleep and dizziness.Then comes a fast fatigue, a wave of blood on the head, the fingers are numb and the small "flies" flash in front of the eyes.
The reasons for the development of the disease
What reasons contribute to the formation of hypertension?The factors have not yet been completely studied to contribute to the increase in blood pressure, both in children and adults.Now you can distinguish the following reasons:
- Excess of emotional rays, stress;
- age;
- alcohol and smoking;
- sedentary lifestyle;
- consumption in large amounts of salty foods and small liquids;
- diabetes mellitus;
- kidney diseases;
- Overweight;
- the use of some medications (for example, blood pressure in women increases by taking contraceptive medications);
- Hereditary factors.
Symptoms
In recent years, hypertension has been much younger.In the case of constant stress, neurosis, inactive life, smoking, this disease affects young people and even children.
For greater pressure, the symptoms are as follows:
- overwork;
- headache;
- heart pain;
- Hypertensive crisis.
Consider each of the symptoms presented in more detail.
Overwork
The first sign that it has high blood pressure indicators is a condition that resembles an excess of work or a mild cold.The following symptoms are produced:
- some irritability,
- sleepiness during the day
- Dream disturbances at night
- The impossibility will focus
- redness of eyeballs.
Most people do not take such demonstrations seriously, although completely in vain.In fact, if the resting blood pressure is in adults 140/90 mm Hg.Art.And in children 120/90 mm Rt. Art., And there is also a tendency to subsequent increase, we can discuss a slight form of a hypertensive disease.
All men whose age exceeds 40 years (according to statistics, the development of hypertension in men is several times more often than in women), as well as people who are at risk (who suffer overweight and diabetics) must carry out a regular measurement of blood pressure.
Headaches
When the additional development of the disease is observed, in hypertension, the headaches of a pain, as well as the nature of compression begins to occur.Together with this symptom, opalists can diagnose a change on eye day and the presence of atrophic processes in the retina.
The manifestations presented may indicate that there is greater intraocular pressure.Such disorder can be a sign for severe vision diseases.
When at rest, blood pressure in adults is 160/100 mm Hg.Art., And in children 130/100 mm Hg.Art., Then you must urgently go to a cardiologist and take special antihypertensive medications.Such blood pressure indicators are dangerous to health.
Heart pain
In combination with headache, patients with high pressure complain about pain attacks on the left side of the chest.The pains presented can give in the left hand and break the rhythm of the heart.
The symptoms presented may indicate that the increase in blood pressure contributed to the formation of pathological changes in coronary arteries and the heart muscle.This must be included:
- coronary heart disease,
- angina pectoris;
- An increase in the left ventricle, accompanied by a decrease in cardiac spending and the formation of heart failure.
In the case of timely therapy of the increase in pressure, the pathological processes in the heart are reversible, but the patient needs to lead a healthy lifestyle and take antihypertensive medications.
Hypertensive crisis
When it is in the patient, hypertension occurs in medium and severe forms (blood pressure in adults reaches 160/100 mm Hg, and in children 130/100 mm Hg), hypertensive crises are formed.They arise due to a significant increase in pressure, in contrast to the usual.
Intracranial pressure symptoms
What signs are observed in a person with high intracranial pressure?First, it must understand that intracranial pressure is an excess or lack of cerebrospinal fluid in a particular part of the skull, formed by a violation of its circulation.
The increase in symptoms of intracranial pressure in adults are the following:
- deterioration in lateral and central vision;
- Vision benefit, "fog in the eyes";
- Swelling on the eyelids, face;
- noise in the ears, hearing loss;
- frequent headaches, gradually acquiring the constant character;
- Pain attacks at the top of the cervical vertebra, spinal cord;
- Fast fatigue, a feeling of weakness.
Intracranial pressure signs in children are the following
- In newborn children there is an expansion of seams, the dimensions of the head increase faster compared to the size of the body, the outstanding fontanel, the appearance of strabismus.
- In preschool and school children, head pain, strabismus, lethargy, fatigue, irritability, high sensitivity to brilliant lighting.
Necessary therapy
The high pressure treatment in both adults and in children is reduced to a decrease in all the factors that caused this condition:
- reduction of excess weight;
- Compliance with normal daily routine, good dream;
- Compliance with adequate nutrition, reduction of salt consumption;
- optimal consumption mode;
- a prohibition of tobacco, alcohol;
Mandatory for high pressure treatment is the use of certain medications.The appointment of the medicine, its dose should be performed only by an experienced specialist and depends on the symptoms of the disease.
It is not possible to completely cure hypertension, but subject to the correct lifestyle and the implementation of all the recipes of doctors in hypertension, the good will improve, and can live a complete normal life.
Increasing intraocular pressure can only be cured surgically.To maintain the normal condition of the patient, diuretics and medications are prescribed that improve metabolic and hematopoietic processes.
Complications
According to doctors, people suffering from hypertension are more prone to arteriosclerosis.Therefore, more frequently they have a stroke and a heart attack.In the case of increased pressure, both in children and adults, it can occur limited, since normal blood supply to the legs is altered.
The main problem of all consequences is the pressure on the heart, as a result of which it should work with a greater load.With this disease, the heart cannot face the increase in load, so a small and large circle of blood circulation is altered.As a result, lack of breath, hemoptysis, limb swelling.The complications presented are the cause of death.
The following dangerous consequence of hypertension is brain complications.When an increased pressure is observed in a person for a long period, then detailed bleeding in the retina vessels are produced.Such consequences lead to a violation of the blood supply, which causes degeneration and retinopathy.All this contributes to the attenuation of vision and blindness.
Preventive measures
If there is a hereditary hypertension, then it is necessary to constantly control your good and measure the pressure over time.In addition, it is necessary:
- Observe adequate nutrition,
- reduce salt intake,
- reject alcohol,
- direct an active and healthy lifestyle,
- Do not undergo stressful situations.
Hypertension is a very dangerous disease.Despite the fact that the greatest pressure affects not only women after forty years, this condition is characteristic of men and even children.Therefore, it does not need to think that a repeated increase in pressure is the standard.When the symptoms described above appear, it must urgently go to the consultation of a cardiologist.